Description
Apoptosis is induced by certain cytokines including TNF and Fas ligand of the TNF family through their death domain-containing receptors, TNF-R1 and Fas. Several novel death receptors including DR3, DR4, DR5, and DR6 were recently identified. A novel TNFR1- interacting protein was recently identified and designated SODD (silencer of death domains). SODD associates with the death domain of TNF-R1 and prevents constitutive activation of TNF-R1 signaling. TNF treatment releases SODD and permits adapter molecules such as TRADD to engage in the active TNF-R1 complex, thus activating TNF signaling pathways. SODD also interacts with DR3. SODD is ubiquitously expressed in human tissues and cell lines